How Your Pets Alter Your Immune System

Household pets, especially dogs, influence human immunity in several important ways. Pets bring a variety of outdoor microbes into homes, which supports the idea that early exposure to diverse bacteria can help train the immune system and potentially reduce the risk of allergies and asthma. Some studies show that bacteria from pets can transfer to humans, especially during childhood, helping to shape immune responses.

In addition to microbial exposure, interacting with pets can reduce stress levels. Activities like petting or walking animals lower cortisol and increase oxytocin, which helps regulate the immune system. Dog ownership is also linked to more physical activity, which improves circulation, reduces inflammation, and supports healthier immune aging.

However, the benefits of pet ownership vary. People with compromised immune systems or severe allergies may be at risk for infections. Experts recommend considering individual health needs before getting a pet, as the impact on immunity depends heavily on personal context.