Source: Science
Scientists have discovered that mysterious lipid droplets in cat kidneys may help felines create long-lasting chemical messages in their urine. Researchers led by Masao Miyazaki of Iwate University studied urine from 44 domestic cats and identified 13 branched fatty acids (BFAs) whose combinations and proportions were unique to individual animals.
Cats could distinguish these chemical signatures, suggesting the BFAs function as individual “calling cards” used in territorial and reproductive communication. Unlike many other urinary compounds, the BFAs remained remarkably stable as urine evaporated, potentially explaining why feline scent markings can persist for months.
Researchers found that unusually large lipid droplets in cat kidneys store these fatty acids, possibly maintaining and gradually releasing them into urine despite changes in diet or physical condition. Similar BFAs occur in lions, tigers, leopards, jaguars, and lynxes. The discovery could improve understanding of feline communication and welfare while potentially providing new insights into chronic kidney disease and lipid-related health conditions.