Source: Hanford Sentinel
Addison’s disease, or hypoadrenocorticism, is a rare, incurable condition affecting an estimated 0.5% to 2% of dogs. It occurs when the adrenal glands fail to produce adequate hormones needed to regulate electrolytes, blood pressure, hydration, and other essential functions. Because symptoms such as lethargy, weakness, appetite loss, vomiting, diarrhea, weight loss, trembling, and increased thirst can resemble other illnesses, Addison’s is known as “The Great Pretender.”
Diagnosis typically involves blood tests, urinalysis, imaging, and an ACTH stimulation test to evaluate adrenal function. Some dogs remain undiagnosed until experiencing a potentially fatal Addisonian crisis characterized by severe gastrointestinal symptoms, weakness, or collapse, requiring emergency hospitalization and IV fluids.
Although there is no cure, Addison’s can be successfully managed with lifelong medications that replace cortisol and aldosterone, along with regular Veterinary monitoring. Stressful events may require temporary medication adjustments. With consistent treatment and careful monitoring, affected dogs generally have an excellent prognosis and can live normal, active lives.